The Contamination Levels of Water and Sediment from Lake Togo by the Persistent Organic Pollutants (Pops)
Gbénonchi Mawussi,
Lankondjoa Kolani,
Damien Devault,
Komla Sanda
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
20-28
Received:
29 February 2016
Accepted:
16 March 2016
Published:
29 March 2016
Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the contamination severity of Lake Togo by organochlorinated pesticides historically used in agriculture and in health programs against disease vectors in public health. A total of 48 samples of sediments and 48 samples of water were seasonally collected. For both sediment and water 3 samples per site were collected at 8 sites in the 2014 rainy season and in the 2015 dry season. Water samples were processed using a liquid-liquid method solvent extraction while Soxhlet extraction was used for sediment samples. The sediment and water extractions were cleaned-up and qualitative-quantitative analysis performed on gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Pesticides residue levels in water ranged from < 0.001 to 0.093±0.20 µg l-1 (lindane) in rainy season and from < 0.001 to 0.352±0.07 µg l-1 (dieldrin) in dry season. They were lower than that found in sediment which ranged from < 0.001 to 0.98±0.18 µg kg-1 dry weight (pp′-DDE) in rainy season and from < 0.001 to 2.19±0.31 µg kg-1 dry weight (heptachlor epoxide) in dry season. The concentrations of the organochlorinated residues in water and sediment were higher during the dry season. Except pp′-DDE, pp′-DDD, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, the others pesticide residues concentrations detected in water samples in dry season were above the maximum acceptable concentration of 0.1 µg l-1 for individual pesticides set by the European Union (EU) for the protection of human health. Pesticide contamination level of Lake Togo is therefore, likely to be harmful to human health in dry season.
Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the contamination severity of Lake Togo by organochlorinated pesticides historically used in agriculture and in health programs against disease vectors in public health. A total of 48 samples of sediments and 48 samples of water were seasonally collected. For both sediment and water 3 samples per site were col...
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Bioremediation Potentials of Heavy Metal Tolerant Bacteria Isolated from Petroleum Refinery Effluent
Enimie Endurance Oaikhena,
Dominic Bawa Makaije,
Samuel Dangmwan Denwe,
Muhammad Muktar Namadi,
Ali Ahmed Haroun
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
29-34
Received:
8 February 2016
Accepted:
24 February 2016
Published:
30 March 2016
Abstract: Five heavy metals tolerant bacteria were isolated from petroleum refinery effluent and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Each isolate was inoculated into different concentrations of cadmium, chromium, nickel and zinc to determine its maximum tolerance for each heavy metal. All five isolates had low maximum tolerance concentration for cadmium (0.9 mg/L) when compared to chromium (5 mg/L), nickel (5 mg/L) and zinc (7 mg/L). Mixed culture consortium (MCC) remediated high percentage of cadmium (100%), chromium (33.4%), nickel (73.9%), and zinc (90.1%) from the petroleum refinery effluent than pure culture isolates. Among the pure culture isolates Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Cd (100%), Cr (23.1%), Ni (64.3%) & Zn (53.9%) yielded high values for the reduction of heavy metals in the refinery effluent when compared to Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolated bacteria were effective for the remediation of heavy metals from petroleum refinery effluent.
Abstract: Five heavy metals tolerant bacteria were isolated from petroleum refinery effluent and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Each isolate was inoculated into different concentrations of cadmium, chromium, nickel and zinc to determine its maximum tolerance for each heavy met...
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Bacterial Tolerance and Reduction of Chromium (VI) by Bacillus cereus Isolate PGBw4
Ferdouse Zaman Tanu,
Azizul Hakim,
Sirajul Hoque
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
35-38
Received:
17 March 2016
Accepted:
28 March 2016
Published:
13 April 2016
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the bacterial tolerance to chromium (Cr6+) in three growth media, such as nutrient broth, Luria Bertani (LB) broth and mineral salt media in terms of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MICs). Among the seven metal resistant soil bacteria, Bacillus cereus isolate PGBw4 and Bacillus cereus strain ES-4a1showed highest tolerance against Cr6+ in all three media. Bacillus cereus isolate PGBw4 was used as an effective and environment friendly agent for detoxifying Cr(VI) and reduction study in this research. The bacterial isolate mitigated toxic effects of Cr(VI) more efficiently from 100mg/L to 500mg/L within 24 and 48 hours respectively. The maximum amount of reduction of Chromium (VI) was 70.67 percent at 100 of Cr(VI) mg/L concentration after 48 hours of incubation and the lowest was 42 percent at 500mg/L Chromium concentration after 24 hours of incubation.
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the bacterial tolerance to chromium (Cr6+) in three growth media, such as nutrient broth, Luria Bertani (LB) broth and mineral salt media in terms of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MICs). Among the seven metal resistant soil bacteria, Bacillus cereus isolate PGBw4 and Bacillus cereus strain ES-4a1showed highest tole...
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