-
Diversity of Vascular and Insects Canopy Epiphytes on Palm Oil in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Fitra Suzanti,
Retna Astuti Kuswardani,
Suci Rahayu,
Agus Susanto
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
39-49
Received:
22 March 2016
Accepted:
31 March 2016
Published:
20 April 2016
Abstract: This paper describes the role of the insect, which is essential for human survival, but still people are not familiar with widely even some people consider insects no meaning or viewed from the downside. Diversity of epiphytes and insects in the canopy of palm oil plantations in North Sumatra assessed by field observations at five locations, namely, Bukit Sentang, Padang Mandarsyah, Ajamu, Sijambu-jambu, and Aek Pancur. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative. Based on the results obtained by analysis of the biological diversity of insects that affect the quality and quantity of farm products. In natural ecosystems, generally there has been a stable population of pests and their natural enemies so that the presence of insect pests in cropping is no longer harmful. Thereby, the conditions need to be developed so as to reduce the use of pesticides to control pests in field crops, especially in export-oriented and has high economic value.
Abstract: This paper describes the role of the insect, which is essential for human survival, but still people are not familiar with widely even some people consider insects no meaning or viewed from the downside. Diversity of epiphytes and insects in the canopy of palm oil plantations in North Sumatra assessed by field observations at five locations, namely...
Show More
-
Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005
Achille Lutumba Suika,
Zhang Liqiu,
Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
50-55
Received:
30 March 2016
Accepted:
12 April 2016
Published:
28 April 2016
Abstract: The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.
Abstract: The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means ...
Show More
-
Assessment of Technical and Economic Feasibility of Activated Charcoal Removal of Organic Matter from Different Streams of Grey Water Through Study of Adsorption Isotherms
Ababu T. Tiruneh,
Amos O. Fadiran,
William N. Ndlela,
Jonna Heikkilä
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
56-64
Received:
6 May 2016
Accepted:
16 May 2016
Published:
30 May 2016
Abstract: The feasibility of household level treatment of grey water with activated charcoal was performed using laboratory batch adsorption testing on locally available charcoal media. The study results indicated that the potential for removal of organic matter was significantly high for the high pH cloth wash water compared to the low pH kitchen wastewater which also contained non-adsorbed organics. The addition of ash considerably improved the removal and projected life length of adsorption media for kitchen wastewater treatment. The adsorption isotherms obtained were all modeled adequately using the Freundlich isotherm while the isotherm shapes display different types of adsorption for the different streams of grey water because of the heterogeneous nature of the adsorbates in grey water. The replacement life length of activated charcoal for single drum household level treatment ranged between 7 and 15 months. For family daily flow rates up to 400 lit/day, the replacement costs of a single drum charcoal per cubic meter of grey water treated were calculated to be below the current tariff levels for acquiring water in cities in Swaziland. A considerable part of the grey water pollutant can be removed through pretreatment by sorption alone such as by filtration through sand or other cheap media before adsorption. For complete household level treatment of grey water, a three-step treatment consisting of sand pre-filtration, activated charcoal adsorption and sand post-filtration are recommended.
Abstract: The feasibility of household level treatment of grey water with activated charcoal was performed using laboratory batch adsorption testing on locally available charcoal media. The study results indicated that the potential for removal of organic matter was significantly high for the high pH cloth wash water compared to the low pH kitchen wastewater...
Show More
-
Research of Uncontrolled Landfills Impact on Environment in Georgia
Nugzar Buachidze,
Khatuna Chikviladze,
George Kordzakhia,
Ekaterina Shubladze,
Lali Shavliashvili
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, June 2016
Pages:
65-70
Received:
21 April 2016
Accepted:
3 May 2016
Published:
7 June 2016
Abstract: The inventory of the uncontrolled sites revealed uncontrolled landfill sites existing in the districts/regions of Georgia. The significant increase of soil and partially surface waters pollution level is developed due to the inefficient management of the different types of wastes. That significantly worsens social and economic conditions of life of the population. Integrated study of abovementioned issues is the scientific novelty of the research. The special research were carried to determine the pollution level in the samples collected, which due to the direct impact of these types of landfill sites on the surrounding areas, are often the main polluters of environment. The pollution conditions were studied based on modern methodology and techniques (ISO methods). The analysis revealed: hotspots existing in Georgia and necessary measures for prevention or/and mitigation measures for the concerned municipalities.
Abstract: The inventory of the uncontrolled sites revealed uncontrolled landfill sites existing in the districts/regions of Georgia. The significant increase of soil and partially surface waters pollution level is developed due to the inefficient management of the different types of wastes. That significantly worsens social and economic conditions of life of...
Show More
